Fickel J, Göritz F, Joest B A, Hildebrandt T, Hofmann R R, Breves G
Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Institute for Zoo Biology and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany.
J Comp Physiol B. 1998 May;168(4):257-64. doi: 10.1007/s003600050144.
In ruminants, different functions have been ascribed to the different salivary glands according to the feeding type. In this context, possible adaptations of salivary functions were investigated regarding the secretion of various proteins by different types of salivary glands. To yield uncontaminated parotid saliva in large quantities, a non-surgical method has been developed. Parotid gland secretions were collected via endoscopic placement of guide wires into each parotid duct, which were subsequently used for placement of collection catheters. Salivary flow was stimulated by intra-glandular administration of the parasympathomimetic compound pilocarpine-hydrochloride into the parotid gland. Mixed saliva (excluding parotid saliva) was collected into sterile tubes by normal outflow during the sampling of parotid saliva. The total flow volume, flow rate and the content of proteins as well as of several ions (Na+, K+, Ca2+, inorganic phosphate) of both types of saliva were measured in sheep, fallow deer and roe deer. Roe deer secreted the highest amount of total salivary proteins relative to body mass [mg/kg body mass] and the highest relative volume [ml/10 min/kg body mass], both in parotid and mixed saliva, of all ruminant species examined. Additionally, the protein profile and the tannin-binding properties of parotid and mixed saliva in roe deer were investigated. Parotid saliva bound almost twice as much tannin as mixed saliva, underlining the importance of yielding uncontaminated parotid saliva for tannin-binding studies.
在反刍动物中，根据进食类型，不同的唾液腺被赋予了不同的功能。在此背景下，针对不同类型唾液腺分泌的各种蛋白质，研究了唾液功能可能的适应性变化。为了大量获取未受污染的腮腺唾液，已开发出一种非手术方法。通过在内镜引导下将导丝插入每条腮腺导管来收集腮腺分泌物，随后将导丝用于放置收集导管。通过向腮腺内腺体内注射拟副交感神经化合物盐酸毛果芸香碱来刺激唾液分泌。在采集腮腺唾液期间，混合唾液（不包括腮腺唾液）通过正常流出收集到无菌试管中。在绵羊、黇鹿和狍子中测量了两种唾液的总流量、流速以及蛋白质和几种离子（Na +、K +、Ca2 +、无机磷酸盐）的含量。在所研究的所有反刍动物物种中，狍子腮腺唾液和混合唾液中分泌的总唾液蛋白相对于体重[毫克/千克体重]的量最高，相对体积[毫升/10分钟/千克体重]也最高。此外，还研究了狍子腮腺唾液和混合唾液的蛋白质谱以及单宁结合特性。腮腺唾液结合的单宁几乎是混合唾液的两倍，这突出了获取未受污染的腮腺唾液用于单宁结合研究的重要性。
