Integration of surgery and systemic therapy: results and principles of integration.

Eight hundred seventy patients with metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell cancer underwent postchemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (PC-RPLND) for resection of residual disease. Several risk factors for relapse and survival were identified as highly significant (P = .00001), namely, presence of residual cancer in the specimen before salvage chemotherapy programs, tumor marker elevation, need for "re-do" PC-RPLND, or unresectability. Although more than half of the entire group (52.5%) had one or more of these risk factors, 67.5% are long-term survivors following PC-RPLND. The remaining 47.5% were referred after primary chemotherapy, without risk factors. Only 9.8% relapsed and 95.5% survived.