Safadi B Y, Marks J M, Ponsky J L
Mt. Sinai Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 1998 Jul;8(3):551-68.
Accessing the stomach via a gastrostomy is the preferred method for providing enteral nutritional support when supplementation is required for more than three or four weeks. Since its introduction in the early 1980s, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy has become the most popular method for creating a gastrostomy. It is a quick and cost-effective method and has supplanted open gastrostomy for the establishment of a gastrocutaneous fistula to provide access to the stomach for numerous indications. It is associated, however, with serious and potentially lethal complications which must be completely understood by the endoscopist. In addition, patient selection and thorough attention to details are paramount to the performance of a safe percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy.
当需要肠内营养支持超过三到四周时，通过胃造口术进入胃部是提供这种支持的首选方法。自20世纪80年代初引入以来，经皮内镜下胃造口术已成为创建胃造口最常用的方法。它是一种快速且经济高效的方法，已取代开放式胃造口术用于建立胃皮肤瘘，以满足多种适应证下进入胃部的需求。然而，它也伴有严重且可能致命的并发症，内镜医师必须充分了解这些并发症。此外，患者的选择以及对细节的全面关注对于安全实施经皮内镜下胃造口术至关重要。
