直接动静脉瘘（颈动脉海绵窦瘘和椎静脉瘘）。诊断与干预。
Direct arteriovenous fistulas (carotid-cavernous and vertebral-venous). Diagnosis and intervention.
作者信息
Gobin Y P, Duckwiler G R, Viñuela F
机构信息
Department of Radiology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095-1721, USA.
出版信息
Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 1998 May;8(2):425-43.
PMID:9660643
Abstract
Carotid-cavernous and vertebral-venous fistulas are direct arteriovenous fistulas. Their symptoms range from benign to extremely severe ophthalmologic or neurologic complications. Mechanism of symptoms is mostly related to venous drainage. Therapy is widely indicated, as today's endovascular techniques--using mostly detachable balloons and coils--have a high success rate and very few complications.
摘要
颈内动脉海绵窦瘘和椎静脉瘘均为直接动静脉瘘。其症状从良性到极其严重的眼科或神经科并发症不等。症状机制大多与静脉引流有关。由于如今的血管内技术（主要使用可脱性球囊和弹簧圈）成功率高且并发症极少，因此广泛推荐进行治疗。
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