[11年间731例菌血症患者的细菌模式及耐药性变化]

[Changes in patterns and resistances of bacteria from 731 patients with bacteremia in 11 years].

作者信息

Xin J, Xiang Y, Zhang J

机构信息

Department of Respiratory Disease, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical University, Wuhan.

出版信息

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 1997 May;77(5):332-5.

PMID:9772485

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To study the changes in patterns and resistances of bacteria from patients with bacteremia in 11 years.

METHODS

Diffusion tests were used to measure the antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria isolated from the patients with bacteremia.

RESULTS

The proportion of staphylococcus epidermidis in bacteremia increased significantly. The proportion of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in bacteremia caused by staphyiococcus increased markedly. Resistance of MRSA and methlcillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) to penicillin, and gentamycin increased significantly. Compared 1986-1990, with 1991-1996, the resistance of S. epidermidis to penicillin, erythromycin and methicillin increased markedly, so did resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa to carbenicillin, and piperacillin, resistance of E. coli to gentamycin and cefoperazone, resistance of klebsiella to ampicillin and carbenicillin. The resistance of enterobacteriaceae which induced beta-lactamase to the first to the third generation of cephalosporins was relatively high.

CONCLUSION

The resistance of bacteria to the commonly used antibiotics was produced in various degrees.

摘要

目的

研究11年间菌血症患者细菌谱及耐药性的变化。

方法

采用扩散法检测从菌血症患者中分离出的细菌的抗生素敏感性。

结果

菌血症中表皮葡萄球菌比例显著增加。葡萄球菌所致菌血症中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）比例明显上升。MRSA和甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌（MSSA）对青霉素和庆大霉素的耐药性显著增加。与1986 - 1990年相比，1991 - 1996年表皮葡萄球菌对青霉素、红霉素和甲氧西林的耐药性显著增加，铜绿假单胞菌对羧苄西林和哌拉西林的耐药性增加，大肠埃希菌对庆大霉素和头孢哌酮的耐药性增加，克雷伯菌对氨苄西林和羧苄西林的耐药性增加。产β-内酰胺酶的肠杆菌科细菌对第一代至第三代头孢菌素的耐药性较高。