Swift W, Hall W, Didcott P, Reilly D
National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of NSW, Australia.
Addiction. 1998 Aug;93(8):1149-60. doi: 10.1046/j.1360-0443.1998.93811493.x.
To examine prevalence and correlates of cannabis dependence among long-term cannabis users.
A cross-sectional survey of patterns and experiences of cannabis use and dependence.
A snowball sample of 243 long-term cannabis smokers, who were currently smoking 3-4 times a week, were recruited from the New South Wales North Coast, an area long associated with cannabis cultivation and use.
A structured interview was administered, incorporating the following dependence measures: an approximation to a life-time DSM-III-R diagnosis, an approximation to a 12-month ICD-10 diagnosis, and the Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS).
Prevalence of a life-time DSM-III-R diagnosis of cannabis dependence was 57%, while 57% received an ICD-10 dependence diagnosis for the last year. Substantially fewer (15%) of the sample were diagnosed as dependent according to the Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS). Only 26% believed they had a problem with cannabis at least sometimes. There was general concordance between DSM-III-R and ICD-10 measures, but not between these and the SDS. ICD-10 and DSM-III-R dependence diagnoses were modestly correlated with age, life-time illicit drug use and quantity of cannabis use. Principal components analyses of the dependence measures provided little evidence for a unidimensional dependence syndrome for ICD-10 and DSM-III-R criteria. There was strong support for unidimensionality of the SDS.
Symptoms of cannabis dependence were common among these long-term users but only one-quarter perceived that they had a cannabis problem. There was no strong evidence for a unidimensional cannabis dependence syndrome.
研究长期大麻使用者中大麻依赖的患病率及其相关因素。
一项关于大麻使用和依赖模式与经历的横断面调查。
从新南威尔士州北海岸招募了243名长期大麻吸烟者的雪球样本，他们目前每周吸烟3 - 4次，该地区长期以来与大麻种植和使用相关。
进行了一次结构化访谈，纳入以下依赖测量方法：近似终生的《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本（DSM - III - R）诊断、近似过去12个月的《国际疾病分类》第十版（ICD - 10）诊断以及依赖严重程度量表（SDS）。
终生DSM - III - R诊断为大麻依赖的患病率为57%，而去年有57%的人被ICD - 10诊断为依赖。根据依赖严重程度量表（SDS），样本中被诊断为依赖的比例大幅减少（15%）。只有26%的人认为自己至少有时存在大麻问题。DSM - III - R和ICD - 10测量方法之间总体一致，但与SDS不一致。ICD - 10和DSM - III - R依赖诊断与年龄、终生非法药物使用及大麻使用量呈适度相关。对依赖测量方法的主成分分析几乎没有证据表明ICD - 10和DSM - III - R标准存在单维依赖综合征。SDS的单维性得到了有力支持。
大麻依赖症状在这些长期使用者中很常见，但只有四分之一的人认为自己存在大麻问题。没有强有力的证据支持存在单维大麻依赖综合征。
