Phillips M L, Bullmore E T, Howard R, Woodruff P W, Wright I C, Williams S C, Simmons A, Andrew C, Brammer M, David A S
Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.
Psychiatry Res. 1998 Sep 28;83(3):127-38. doi: 10.1016/s0925-4927(98)00036-5.
We investigated facial recognition memory (for previously unfamiliar faces) and facial expression perception with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Eight healthy, right-handed volunteers participated. For the facial recognition task, subjects made a decision as to the familiarity of each of 50 faces (25 previously viewed; 25 novel). We detected signal increase in the right middle temporal gyrus and left prefrontal cortex during presentation of familiar faces, and in several brain regions, including bilateral posterior cingulate gyri, bilateral insulae and right middle occipital cortex during presentation of unfamiliar faces. Standard facial expressions of emotion were used as stimuli in two further tasks of facial expression perception. In the first task, subjects were presented with alternating happy and neutral faces; in the second task, subjects were presented with alternating sad and neutral faces. During presentation of happy facial expressions, we detected a signal increase predominantly in the left anterior cingulate gyrus, bilateral posterior cingulate gyri, medial frontal cortex and right supramarginal gyrus, brain regions previously implicated in visuospatial and emotion processing tasks. No brain regions showed increased signal intensity during presentation of sad facial expressions. These results provide evidence for a distinction between the neural correlates of facial recognition memory and perception of facial expression but, whilst highlighting the role of limbic structures in perception of happy facial expressions, do not allow the mapping of a distinct neural substrate for perception of sad facial expressions.
我们使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究了面部识别记忆（针对之前不熟悉的面孔）和面部表情感知。八名健康的右利手志愿者参与了研究。在面部识别任务中，受试者要判断50张面孔（25张之前看过的；25张新面孔）中每张面孔的熟悉程度。我们发现，在呈现熟悉面孔时，右侧颞中回和左侧前额叶皮质信号增强；在呈现不熟悉面孔时，包括双侧扣带回后部、双侧脑岛和右侧枕中皮质在内的几个脑区信号增强。在另外两项面部表情感知任务中，使用标准面部表情作为刺激。在第一项任务中，向受试者交替呈现高兴和中性面孔；在第二项任务中，向受试者交替呈现悲伤和中性面孔。在呈现高兴面部表情时，我们主要在左侧前扣带回、双侧扣带回后部、内侧前额叶皮质和右侧缘上回检测到信号增强，这些脑区之前与视觉空间和情感处理任务有关。在呈现悲伤面部表情时，没有脑区显示信号强度增加。这些结果为面部识别记忆和面部表情感知的神经关联之间的差异提供了证据，虽然突出了边缘结构在高兴面部表情感知中的作用，但并未明确悲伤面部表情感知的独特神经基质。
