Alpha 1B-adrenoceptor interacts with multiple sites of transglutaminase II: characteristics of the interaction in binding and activation.

We previously reported that a novel GTP binding protein (G alpha h) is tissue type transglutaminase (TGII) and transmits the alpha 1B-adrenoceptor (AR) signal to phospholipase C (PLC) through its GTPase function. We have also shown that PLC-delta 1 is the effector in TGII-mediated signaling. In this study, interaction sites on TGII for the alpha 1B-AR were identified using a peptide approach and site-directed mutagenesis, including in vivo reconstitution of TGIIs with the alpha 1B-AR and PLC-delta 1. To identify the interaction sites, 11 synthetic peptides covering approximately 132 amino acid residues of the C-terminal domain of TGII were tested. The studies with the peptides revealed that three peptides, L547-I561, R564-D581, and Q633-E646, disrupted formation of an alpha 1-agonist-alpha 1B-AR-TGII complex and blocked alpha 1B-AR-mediated TGase inhibition in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that these peptide regions are involved in recognition and activation of TGII by the alpha 1B-AR. These three regions were further evaluated with full-length TGIIs by constructing and coexpressing each site-directed mutant with the alpha 1B-AR and PLC-delta 1 in COS-1 cells. Supporting the findings with these peptides, these TGII mutants lost 56-82% the receptor binding ability and reduced by 29-68% the level of alpha 1B-AR-mediated IP3 production via PLC-delta 1 as compared to those with wild-type TGII. The results also revealed that the regions of R564-D581 and Q633-E646 were the high-affinity binding sites of TGII for the receptor and critical for the activation of TGII by the receptor. Taken together, the studies demonstrate that multiple regions of TGII interact with the alpha 1B-AR and that the alpha 1B-AR stimulates PLC-delta 1 via TGII.