Ballard C G, Shaw F, Lowery K, McKeith I, Kenny R
MRC Neurochemical Pathology Unit, Royal Victoria Infirmary, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 1999 Mar-Apr;10(2):97-103. doi: 10.1159/000017108.
Falls were assessed for 3 months using a daily fall diary in 65 (30 dementia with Lewy bodies, DLB; 35 Alzheimer's disease, AD) dementia patients from a case register, diagnosed using operationalised clinical criteria, with established accuracy against post-mortem. Multiple falls (>5) occurred in 37% of DLB patients and 6% of those with AD, often resulting in injury. None of the standard risk assessment tools identified fallers, but they did identify multiple fallers. More detailed evaluation methods examining gait patterns, sway and neurovascular instability were not helpful. Multiple falls were associated with DLB, parkinsonism, previous falls, greater impairment of activities of daily living and older age. Falls are particularly common in DLB sufferers and may aid diagnosis. Treatment studies evaluating fall reduction strategies are a priority.
使用每日跌倒日记对来自病例登记册的65名痴呆患者（30例路易体痴呆，DLB；35例阿尔茨海默病，AD）进行了3个月的跌倒评估，这些患者根据可操作的临床标准进行诊断，且经尸检确定诊断准确性。37%的DLB患者和6%的AD患者发生多次跌倒（>5次），常导致受伤。没有一种标准风险评估工具能识别出跌倒者，但能识别出多次跌倒者。检查步态模式、摇摆和神经血管不稳定的更详细评估方法并无帮助。多次跌倒与DLB、帕金森综合征、既往跌倒、日常生活活动能力受损更严重以及年龄较大有关。跌倒在DLB患者中尤为常见，可能有助于诊断。评估跌倒减少策略的治疗研究是当务之急。
