Heavner K
Baptist/Saint Vincent's Health System, Learning and Organization Development, Jacksonville, Fla. 32204, USA.
Ostomy Wound Manage. 1998 Dec;44(12):46-8, 50-3.
Despite inconsistencies in the literature regarding research design, definitions, outcomes measures, and maintenance programs, the majority of continence experts have accepted prompted voiding as a successful method for decreasing urinary incontinence in extended care facilities. Research findings to date lack a consistent definition of urinary incontinence, and no objective outcomes measures are available to evaluate the success of an intervention. Furthermore, maintenance of an intervention is often not included in the research design. The findings to date suggest that prompted voiding programs in extended care facilities can help decrease cost of care and dependence, increase self esteem, increase dignity, maintain skin health, and increase satisfaction with care among significant others. Implications for research include developing more structured approaches to maintaining continence, comprehensive training programs for extended care facility staff at all levels, and realistic maintenance protocols for interventions used to maintain continence.
尽管在研究设计、定义、结果测量和维持方案方面，文献中存在不一致之处，但大多数尿失禁专家已认可定时排尿是一种在长期护理机构中减少尿失禁的成功方法。迄今为止的研究结果缺乏对尿失禁的一致定义，也没有客观的结果测量方法可用于评估干预措施的成功与否。此外，干预措施的维持通常不包括在研究设计中。迄今为止的研究结果表明，长期护理机构中的定时排尿方案有助于降低护理成本和依赖性，增强自尊，提升尊严，保持皮肤健康，并提高重要他人对护理的满意度。对研究的启示包括制定更具结构性的方法来维持尿失禁管理，为各级长期护理机构工作人员制定全面的培训方案，以及为用于维持尿失禁管理的干预措施制定切实可行的维持方案。
