Ohshima S, Ono Y
Department of Urology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan.
Nihon Geka Gakkai Zasshi. 1998 Nov;99(11):765-9.
The clinical outcome of kidney transplantation worldwide is reviewed. Total number of kidney transplantations now number 411,071, and about 26,000 have been performed annually in recent years. In Japan, the total is 11,813, and about 600 to 700 have been performed annually in recent years. Graft survival is 80% at one year and 60% at five years in cadaveric renal transplantation worldwide, and 90% at one year and 70% at 5 years, respectively, in Japan. There is no difference in the graft survival rate between Japan and Western countries. However, there have been fewer kidney transplantations in Japan than in the west. Issues which should be resolved are (1) the number of kidney transplantations, especially cadaveric transplantations, should be increased enlarged; and (2) long-term graft survival rates should be improved. To improve the long-term graft survival rates, it is necessary to evaluate the mechanisms of chronic graft failure and develop new immunosuppressive therapies to eliminate rejection crises completely.
本文综述了全球肾移植的临床结果。目前全球肾移植总数达411,071例，近年来每年约进行26,000例。在日本，总数为11,813例，近年来每年约进行600至700例。全球尸体肾移植的移植物1年存活率为80%，5年存活率为60%；在日本，移植物1年和5年存活率分别为90%和70%。日本与西方国家的移植物存活率没有差异。然而，日本的肾移植数量比西方少。需要解决的问题是：（1）应增加肾移植数量，特别是尸体肾移植数量；（2）应提高移植物长期存活率。为提高移植物长期存活率，有必要评估慢性移植物失功的机制，并开发新的免疫抑制疗法以彻底消除排斥反应危机。
