Akyürek M, Safak T, Kayikçioğlu A, Ozkan O, Manavbaşi I, Keçik A
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hacettepe University, Medical School, Ankara, Turkey.
Ann Plast Surg. 1999 Feb;42(2):185-92. doi: 10.1097/00000637-199902000-00014.
The purpose of this study was to describe a new axial-pattern experimental flap model in the rat. Wistar rats weighing 200 to 250 g were used in the experiment. In 15 rats, the superficial anatomy of the ventral thoracic region was studied by anatomic dissection, dye injection, and microangiography, using 5 rats in each group. The anatomic studies revealed that the ventral thoracic skin derives its principal blood supply from the long thoracic artery--a branch of the common thoracic artery. Based on these anatomic studies, the pectoral skin flap model, pedicled on the long thoracic vessels, was created in the rat. The flap is bounded medially by the midsternal line, laterally by the anterior axillary line, and superiorly and inferiorly by transverse lines passing at the level of the suprasternal notch and the xyphoid process respectively. In 5 animals, bilateral flaps (N = 10) were raised and replaced in situ. In 15 animals, oversized flaps were created by extending the flap for both a greater width (N = 10) and length (N = 10). Although all the flaps limited to the cutaneous territory as described were found to survive totally, oversized flaps underwent partial necrosis distally. The authors conclude that the pectoral flap is a simple and reliable skin flap model for future biological and pharmacological study because it is very easy to raise, has a consistent vascular pedicle, and has well-defined borders with consistent landmarks.
本研究的目的是描述一种新的大鼠轴型实验性皮瓣模型。实验使用体重为200至250克的Wistar大鼠。在15只大鼠中，通过解剖、染料注射和微血管造影对胸腹部区域的表面解剖结构进行了研究，每组5只大鼠。解剖学研究表明，胸腹部皮肤的主要血液供应来自胸长动脉，它是胸总动脉的一个分支。基于这些解剖学研究，在大鼠身上创建了以胸长血管为蒂的胸肌皮瓣模型。该皮瓣内侧以胸骨中线为界，外侧以前腋前线为界，上、下分别以通过胸骨上切迹和剑突水平的横线为界。在5只动物中，掀起双侧皮瓣（N = 10）并原位复位。在15只动物中，通过扩大皮瓣的宽度（N = 10）和长度（N = 10）创建了超大皮瓣。尽管所有限于上述皮肤区域的皮瓣均完全存活，但超大皮瓣远端出现部分坏死。作者得出结论，胸肌皮瓣是一种简单可靠的皮瓣模型，适用于未来的生物学和药理学研究，因为它易于掀起，有恒定的血管蒂，边界明确且标志一致。
