Sumareva R, Ukrainsky G, Kiremidjian-Schumacher L, Roy M, Wishe H I, Steinfeld A D, Cooper J S
New York University Dental Center, Basic Science Division, New York 10010, USA.
Radiat Oncol Investig. 1999;7(1):22-9. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1520-6823(1999)7:1<22::AID-ROI3>3.0.CO;2-6.
Advanced squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck are difficult to control despite optimal surgery, radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy, and the tumors are usually not immunogenic. Because of the anatomic accessibility of the tumors, local adoptive immunotherapy of these tumors is feasible and may interact with radiotherapy to retard tumor growth. It is hypothesized that antigens released from tumor cells injured by radiation may stimulate, in the presence of interleukin-2, an enhanced immunocytodestruction of live tumor cells by adoptively transferred lymphokine activated killer cells and recruited tumor cytotoxic cells. DBA/2 mice were injected subcutaneously with 5 x 10(5) syngeneic squamous cell carcinoma cells in the thigh and the resulting tumors were treated for two weeks with daily peritumoral injections of interleukin-2 (1,000 International Units) or saline, four radiation treatments of 625 cGy each, and four peritumoral injections of 10(7) lymphokine activated killer cells. The results suggested that radiotherapy combined with peritumoral injection of lymphokine activated killer cells and interleukin-2 resulted in a significant reduction (P < 0.01) of tumor size whereas radiation alone, at the same dose, failed to produce a significant effect. Such results may have direct clinical application in enhancing the response of tumors to radiotherapy and in reducing the incidence of tumor recurrence.
尽管采用了最佳的手术、放疗和/或化疗方法，头颈部晚期鳞状细胞癌仍难以控制，而且这些肿瘤通常不具有免疫原性。由于肿瘤在解剖位置上易于接近，对这些肿瘤进行局部过继性免疫治疗是可行的，并且可能与放疗相互作用以延缓肿瘤生长。据推测，受辐射损伤的肿瘤细胞释放的抗原，在白细胞介素-2存在的情况下，可能会刺激过继转移的淋巴因子激活的杀伤细胞和募集的肿瘤细胞毒性细胞，从而增强对活肿瘤细胞的免疫细胞破坏作用。将5×10(5)个同基因鳞状细胞癌细胞皮下注射到DBA/2小鼠的大腿中，然后对形成的肿瘤进行为期两周的治疗，每天在肿瘤周围注射白细胞介素-2（1000国际单位）或生理盐水，进行4次每次625 cGy的放射治疗，以及4次在肿瘤周围注射10(7)个淋巴因子激活的杀伤细胞。结果表明，放疗联合在肿瘤周围注射淋巴因子激活的杀伤细胞和白细胞介素-2可使肿瘤大小显著减小（P<0.01），而相同剂量的单纯放疗则未能产生显著效果。这些结果可能在增强肿瘤对放疗的反应以及降低肿瘤复发率方面具有直接的临床应用价值。
