Vaarala A M, Korkeala H J
Department of Food and Environmental Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland.
J Food Prot. 1999 Feb;62(2):152-5. doi: 10.4315/0362-028x-62.2.152.
The microbiological contamination of reindeer carcasses was studied in 10 Finnish reindeer slaughterhouses. Six of the slaughterhouses were field slaughterhouses and four were plant slaughterhouses. In each slaughterhouse 11 to 30 carcasses were sampled, with abdomen, brisket, and foreleg as sampling sites. Sampling was performed immediately after slaughter, using a nondestructive swabbing method. The overall mean bacterial count of carcasses was 3.12+/-0.61 log CFU/cm2. The mean bacterial value of the carcasses and the bacterial counts of abdomen and brisket were significantly lower in field slaughterhouses than in plant slaughterhouses, suggesting that the controlled conditions of plant slaughterhouses do not necessarily improve the microbiological quality of reindeer carcasses. However, the highest bacterial contamination was found in a field slaughterhouse where the slaughter was performed after rain when the ground was without snow. Carcass contamination seemed to be increased by the use of an evisceration apron, the unnecessary washing of forelegs, and the unnecessary handling of carcasses with hands and arms.
在芬兰的10家驯鹿屠宰场对驯鹿胴体的微生物污染情况进行了研究。其中6家为野外屠宰场，4家为工厂化屠宰场。在每家屠宰场，对11至30具胴体进行了采样，采样部位为腹部、胸部和前腿。屠宰后立即采用无损擦拭法进行采样。胴体的总体平均细菌计数为3.12±0.61 log CFU/cm²。野外屠宰场胴体的平均细菌值以及腹部和胸部的细菌计数显著低于工厂化屠宰场，这表明工厂化屠宰场的可控条件不一定能提高驯鹿胴体的微生物质量。然而，在一场雨后地面无雪时进行屠宰的野外屠宰场中发现了最高的细菌污染。使用开膛围裙、不必要地清洗前腿以及用手和手臂对胴体进行不必要的处理似乎会增加胴体污染。
