Ferson M J, Young L C, Stokes M L
Public Health Unit, South Eastern Sydney Area Health Service, Randwick NSW, Australia.
Epidemiol Infect. 1998 Dec;121(3):631-6. doi: 10.1017/s0950268898001563.
Surveillance of hepatitis A in residents of Eastern Sydney Health Area identified substantial epidemics in homosexual males in 1991-2 with a peak rate of 520 per 100,000 recorded in males aged 25-29 years, and again in 1995-6, with a peak rate of 405 per 100,000 per year in males aged 30-34 years. During 1994-5 an epidemic was detected among disadvantaged youth associated with injecting drug use; peak rates of 200 per 100,000 per year were reported in males aged 25-29 years and of 64 per 100,000 per year among females aged 20-24 years. The epidemiology of hepatitis A in these inner suburbs of Sydney is characterized by very few childhood cases and recurrent epidemics among homosexual men. Identified risk groups need to be targeted with appropriate messages regarding the importance of hygiene and vaccination in preventing hepatitis A. However, poor access to health services among disadvantaged youth and a constant influx of young homosexual males into these inner suburbs present major challenges to hepatitis A control.
对悉尼东区健康区居民进行的甲型肝炎监测发现，1991 - 1992年同性恋男性中出现了大规模疫情，25 - 29岁男性的发病率峰值达到每10万人520例；1995 - 1996年再次出现疫情，30 - 34岁男性的发病率峰值为每年每10万人405例。1994 - 1995年期间，在与注射吸毒相关的弱势青年中发现了疫情；25 - 29岁男性的发病率峰值为每年每10万人200例，20 - 24岁女性的发病率峰值为每年每10万人64例。悉尼这些内城区甲型肝炎的流行病学特征是儿童病例极少，同性恋男性中反复出现疫情。需要针对已确定的风险群体，传达关于卫生和接种疫苗对预防甲型肝炎重要性的适当信息。然而，弱势青年获得医疗服务的机会有限，以及年轻同性恋男性不断涌入这些内城区，给甲型肝炎的控制带来了重大挑战。
