Yavuz M F, Işcan M Y, Cöloğlu A S
Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences, University of Istanbul, Turkey.
Forensic Sci Int. 1998 Nov 30;98(1-2):47-54. doi: 10.1016/s0379-0738(98)00122-4.
The Işcan's phase method for the estimation of adult age at death from the sternal extremity of the fourth rib was introduced in 1983. Over the years, numerous tests have confirmed the reliability of this technique on varied samples. However, no large scale study has been conducted to test the application of this method on a modern white sample geographically, genetically, and culturally diverse from the American white database. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to apply rib phase standards to a Turkish sample to test if the progression of morphological changes follow the same age sequence. Using a sample of 150 males and 144 females of known age at death, each rib was phased using the standards developed by Işcan and associates in 1984 and 1985. The phase estimations were then subject to an analysis of variance. The results of the study indicated that Turkish ribs show the same morphological characteristics that define the phases at nearly identical ages. Variation as measured by the standard deviation increased from phase 5 on in both sexes. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the rib phase standards can be accurately applied to Turks. Investigations of this nature are vital because one cannot assume that a method developed from one group is applicable to a distant population, especially in medicolegal proceedings.
1983年引入了伊什坎（Işcan）的阶段法，用于从第四肋骨的胸骨端估计成年人的死亡年龄。多年来，大量测试已证实该技术在不同样本上的可靠性。然而，尚未进行大规模研究来测试该方法在一个与美国白人数据库在地理、基因和文化上存在差异的现代白人样本上的应用。因此，本文的目的是将肋骨阶段标准应用于一个土耳其样本，以测试形态变化的进展是否遵循相同的年龄顺序。使用150名男性和144名已知死亡年龄的女性样本，按照伊什坎及其同事在1984年和1985年制定的标准对每根肋骨进行阶段划分。然后对阶段估计值进行方差分析。研究结果表明，土耳其人的肋骨在几乎相同的年龄呈现出定义各阶段的相同形态特征。以标准差衡量的变异性在两性中从第5阶段开始增加。总之，这项研究表明肋骨阶段标准可以准确地应用于土耳其人。这种性质的调查至关重要，因为不能假定从一个群体开发的方法适用于一个遥远的人群，尤其是在法医程序中。
