Westphal K, Byhahn C, Strouhal U, Wilke H J, Lischke V, Behne M
Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt/Main.
Anaesthesiol Reanim. 1998;23(6):157-60.
Both desflurane and sevoflurane have a favourable blood/gas distribution coefficient. There is concern, however, that environmental contamination is higher when these agents are employed since they must be used in relatively high concentrations. Our study seeks to determine the degree of exposure of recovery room staff to trace amounts of these two agents. Two hundred and seven surgical patients were included in the study. The recovery room studied had a volume of 243 cubic metres. The hourly fresh air supply for this room was 1,845 cubic metres, which results in 7.6 air exchanges per hour without air return. Measurements of trace concentrations of the inhalational agents were taken for 12 days. Concentrations of these anaesthetics were assessed in the recovery room with a real-time infrared spectrometer every 90 seconds. Mean exposure to nitrous oxide in the recovery room was 11.5 +/- 3.97 ppm and to isoflurane 1.4 +/- 0.31 ppm. All measured values were below the standard German threshold values. Trace concentrations of desflurane were 2.8 +/- 0.84 ppm and of sevoflurane 3.2 +/- 0.62 ppm. We conclude that the exposure to the inhalational anaesthetics in the climatised recovery room was low. The threshold values of 100 ppm for nitrous oxide and 10 ppm for isoflurane recommended by German law were not exceeded. When the new volatile anaesthetics are used, exposure of recovery room staff to trace concentrations of these agents is higher, but the concentrations do not exceed the levels allowed applicable German health regulations.
地氟烷和七氟烷都具有良好的血/气分配系数。然而，人们担心使用这些药物时环境污染会更高，因为它们必须以相对较高的浓度使用。我们的研究旨在确定恢复室工作人员接触这两种药物微量成分的程度。该研究纳入了207名外科手术患者。所研究的恢复室容积为243立方米。该房间每小时的新鲜空气供应量为1845立方米，这导致每小时有7.6次空气交换且无回风。对吸入性药物的微量浓度进行了12天的测量。每隔90秒使用实时红外光谱仪在恢复室评估这些麻醉剂的浓度。恢复室中一氧化二氮的平均暴露量为11.5±3.97 ppm，异氟烷为1.4±0.31 ppm。所有测量值均低于德国标准阈值。地氟烷的微量浓度为2.8±0.84 ppm，七氟烷为3.2±0.62 ppm。我们得出结论，在装有空调的恢复室中，吸入性麻醉剂的暴露量较低。未超过德国法律推荐的一氧化二氮100 ppm和异氟烷10 ppm的阈值。使用新型挥发性麻醉剂时，恢复室工作人员接触这些药物微量成分的暴露量较高，但浓度未超过德国适用的健康法规所允许的水平。
