Sturmberg J P, Watt P
Central Coast Area Health Services, Gosford, NSW.
Aust Fam Physician. 1999 Feb;28(2):129-31.
Pertussis is an uncommon but serious illness, mainly affecting children under the age of 5 years.
Affected children usually contract the disease from older children or adults in whom the disease presents in an atypical way, their coughing being attributed to other aliments. This article discusses the epidemiology, clinical course and management of pertussis. Prophylaxis is also discussed.
Pertussis presents as a hacking, mostly nocturnal cough, before becoming constant and occurring in paroxysms. Even though children appear sick, they classically are afebrile. Erythromycin is the treatment of choice for affected children and their immediate family. Achieving a 90% vaccination coverage would eradicate pertussis, but booster vaccinations later in life have been proposed since the protection of vaccination wanes rapidly over a period of 6-10 years.
百日咳是一种不常见但严重的疾病，主要影响5岁以下儿童。
患病儿童通常从大龄儿童或成人那里感染此病，而这些大龄儿童或成人的病情表现不典型，他们的咳嗽被归因于其他疾病。本文讨论百日咳的流行病学、临床病程及治疗。也讨论了预防措施。
百日咳起初表现为干咳，大多在夜间发作，之后咳嗽持续且呈阵发性。尽管患病儿童看起来病恹恹的，但典型症状是不发热。红霉素是患病儿童及其直系亲属的首选治疗药物。实现90%的疫苗接种覆盖率可根除百日咳，但鉴于疫苗接种的保护作用在6至10年内会迅速减弱，因此有人提议在日后进行加强接种。
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