Jonsson K, Owman T
Scand J Urol Nephrol. 1976;10(3):229-34. doi: 10.1080/21681805.1976.11882079.
In the roentgenologic investigation of haematuria, urography is the main diagnostic tool, other examinations being only of supplementary value. The main importance of other roentgen examinations is the possibility of excluding certain types of suspected disease as the cause of haematuria, and to demonstrate certain vascular malformations in the kidneys with renal angiography. Urography and cystoscopy should be performed in all patients with haematuria, and the possibility of pathologic conditions in both upper and lower urinary tract must be kept in mind. A large number of overlooked calculi and the finding of unsuspected malignant renal tumors in cases where the urography was performed on an emergency basis, underlines the important fact that "emergency" in these cases only indicates that the patient is an acute distress, not that the examination should be hasty and incomplete, or if so, should be supplemented by a repeat examination under normal conditions.
在血尿的X线检查中，尿路造影是主要的诊断工具，其他检查仅具有辅助价值。其他X线检查的主要重要性在于能够排除某些类型的疑似疾病作为血尿的病因，并通过肾血管造影显示肾脏的某些血管畸形。所有血尿患者均应进行尿路造影和膀胱镜检查，必须牢记上尿路和下尿路出现病理状况的可能性。大量被忽视的结石以及在急诊进行尿路造影的病例中发现意外的恶性肾肿瘤，突出了一个重要事实，即这些病例中的“急诊”仅表明患者处于急性痛苦状态，并非意味着检查应该仓促和不完整，或者即便如此，也应在正常情况下进行重复检查以补充完善。
