Byrem T M, Booren A M, Hill G M, Chu F S, Strasburg G M
Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824, USA.
J Anim Sci. 1999 Jan;77(1):166-72. doi: 10.2527/1999.771166x.
Malignant hyperthermia (MH) and the mycotoxin cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) are each associated with abnormal calcium homeostasis in skeletal muscle, a key underlying factor in the development of pale, soft, and exudative (PSE) pork. To determine whether the natural presence of CPA in livestock feed ingredients contributes to the varying incidence of PSE in the pork industry, various levels of CPA (.1 to 50 mg/kg of diet) were included in the diets of market weight hogs (n = 52) of defined malignant hyperthermia genotype (NN = normal, Nn = a MH carrier, and nn = MH-positive). Animals with two copies of the MH mutation (nn) displayed improved live animal performance compared with NN and Nn animals (increased feed intake, average daily gain, and feed efficiency) but yielded lower quality loin chops as indicated by lower 45-min pH (P<.01), higher Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) L* color coordinate values (P<.05), and higher drip losses (P<.01). The effects of CPA varied. In the first feeding trial, conducted under normal outside temperatures (2 degrees C), CPA had no effect (P> .2) on either live animal performance or meat quality. During the second trial, conducted under extreme outside temperatures (-18 degrees C), CPA-dependent reductions (P<.05) in feed intake, average daily gain, and 45-min pH in nn hogs support the possibility of interactions between malignant hyperthermia and dietary CPA on skeletal muscle calcium homeostasis and the development of PSE pork. These results suggest that this interaction may require stressful environmental conditions or the ingestion of CPA doses much higher than occur under natural conditions.
恶性高热（MH）和霉菌毒素环匹阿尼酸（CPA）均与骨骼肌钙稳态异常有关，这是导致猪肉出现苍白、松软和渗水（PSE）现象的关键潜在因素。为了确定家畜饲料原料中天然存在的CPA是否会导致猪肉行业中PSE发生率的差异，在具有特定恶性高热基因型（NN = 正常，Nn = MH携带者，nn = MH阳性）的市场体重猪（n = 52）的日粮中添加了不同水平的CPA（0.1至50 mg/kg日粮）。与NN和Nn动物相比，具有两个MH突变拷贝（nn）的动物表现出更好的活体性能（采食量、平均日增重和饲料效率增加），但腰大肌排酸肉质量较低，表现为45分钟时pH值较低（P<0.01）、国际照明委员会（CIE）L*颜色坐标值较高（P<0.05）和滴水损失较高（P<0.01）。CPA的影响各不相同。在第一次饲养试验中，在正常室外温度（2℃）下进行，CPA对活体性能或肉质均无影响（P>0.2）。在第二次试验中，在极端室外温度（-18℃）下进行，CPA使nn猪的采食量、平均日增重和45分钟时pH值依赖于剂量降低（P<0.05），这支持了恶性高热与日粮CPA之间在骨骼肌钙稳态和PSE猪肉形成方面存在相互作用的可能性。这些结果表明，这种相互作用可能需要应激的环境条件或摄入远高于自然条件下的CPA剂量。
