Lasko P
Departments of Biology and Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 1B1.
FASEB J. 1999 Mar;13(3):421-33. doi: 10.1096/fasebj.13.3.421.
Many RNAs involved in determination of the oocyte, specification of embryonic axes, and establishment of germ cells in Drosophila are localized asymmetrically within the developing egg or syncytial embryo. Here I review the current state of knowledge about the cis-acting sequences involved in RNA targeting, RNA binding proteins; gene activities implicated in localizing specific RNAs, and the role of the tubulin and actin cytoskeletons in RNA sorting within the oocyte. Targeted RNAs are often under complex translational control, and the translational control of two RNAs that localize to the posterior of the oocyte, oskar and nanos, is also discussed. Prospects for filling gaps in our knowledge about the mechanisms of localizing RNAs and the importance of RNA sorting in regulating gene expression are also explored.
许多参与果蝇卵母细胞决定、胚胎轴特化以及生殖细胞形成的RNA，在发育中的卵或合胞体胚胎内呈不对称定位。在此，我综述了目前关于RNA靶向相关顺式作用序列、RNA结合蛋白的知识现状；涉及特定RNA定位的基因活性，以及微管蛋白和肌动蛋白细胞骨架在卵母细胞内RNA分选过程中的作用。靶向RNA通常处于复杂的翻译控制之下，同时也讨论了定位于卵母细胞后部的两种RNA——oskar和nanos的翻译控制。此外，还探讨了填补我们在RNA定位机制知识空白的前景，以及RNA分选在调节基因表达中的重要性。
