De Boer M F, McCormick L K, Pruyn J F, Ryckman R M, van den Borne B W
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Daniel den Hoed, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1999 Mar;120(3):427-36. doi: 10.1016/S0194-5998(99)70287-1.
This article reviews recent literature on the physical and psychosocial correlates of head and neck cancer, with a focus on quality-of-life issues, rehabilitation outcomes, and changes in the literature from the previous decade. These studies have shown that head and neck cancer has an enormous impact on the quality of life of patients. The most important physical symptoms are speech problems, dry mouth and throat, and swallowing problems. Pain is also frequently reported. Disturbances in psychosocial functioning and psychological distress are reported by a considerable number of patients; worry, anxiety, mood disorder, fatigue, and depression are the main symptoms. Cancer of the head and neck has a negative effect on social, recreational, and sexual functioning. Despite a growing number of longitudinal studies, little is known about the rehabilitation outcomes over a longer period of time. Future research is necessary to form a consensus about the further development and use of specific instruments to study patients with cancer of the head and neck, to conduct more prospective studies, and to develop programs that are aimed at maximizing rehabilitation outcomes and evaluate these programs with randomized designs.
本文综述了近期关于头颈癌身体和心理社会相关因素的文献，重点关注生活质量问题、康复效果以及与前十年文献的变化。这些研究表明，头颈癌对患者的生活质量有巨大影响。最重要的身体症状是言语问题、口干和咽喉问题以及吞咽问题。疼痛也经常被报告。相当多的患者报告了心理社会功能障碍和心理困扰；担忧、焦虑、情绪障碍、疲劳和抑郁是主要症状。头颈癌对社交、娱乐和性功能有负面影响。尽管纵向研究的数量不断增加，但对于较长时期的康复效果仍知之甚少。未来有必要开展研究，就研究头颈癌患者的特定工具的进一步开发和使用形成共识，进行更多前瞻性研究，并制定旨在最大化康复效果的项目，并用随机设计评估这些项目。
