Cooke D J, Michie C
Department of Psychology, Glasgow Caledonian University, United Kingdom.
J Abnorm Psychol. 1999 Feb;108(1):58-68. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.108.1.58.
Differences in the prevalence and presentation of psychopathic personality disorder between North America and Scotland were evaluated. R. D. Hare's (1991) Psychopathy Checklist--Revised ratings obtained from a sample of 2,067 North American male prisoners and forensic patients were compared with ratings obtained from 246 Scottish male prisoners. Item response theory methods were used to examine differences in the performance of items and to equate the scale across settings. The items had equal relevance to the description of psychopathic personality disorder in both settings; however, the Scottish prisoners had to have higher levels of the underlying latent trait before certain characteristics became apparent. The prevalence of the disorder appears to be lower in Scotland. Explanations for the observed differences in terms of enculturation, socialization, and migration are explored.
对北美和苏格兰之间精神病态人格障碍的患病率及表现差异进行了评估。将从2067名北美男性囚犯和法医鉴定患者样本中获得的R.D. 黑尔（1991年）《精神病态量表修订版》评分，与从246名苏格兰男性囚犯中获得的评分进行比较。采用项目反应理论方法来检验项目表现的差异，并使量表在不同环境下具有等效性。这些项目在两种环境下对精神病态人格障碍的描述具有同等相关性；然而，在某些特征显现出来之前，苏格兰囚犯必须具有更高水平的潜在特质。该障碍在苏格兰的患病率似乎较低。探讨了从文化适应、社会化和移民方面对观察到的差异的解释。
