Perera L P, Goldman C K, Waldmann T A
Metabolism Branch, Division of Clinical Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
J Immunol. 1999 Mar 1;162(5):2606-12.
IL-15 is a T cell growth factor that shares many biological activities with IL-2 and uses the same beta/gamma polypeptides of the IL-2R complex for signal transduction. Accumulating evidence implicates an important role for this cytokine in the inflammatory response of the host. Consistent with such a role, IL-15 has been shown to be a chemoattractant for T lymphocytes, NK cells, and neutrophils. Extending these observations, we now show that IL-15 is a potent inducer of CC-, CXC-, and C-type chemokines in T lymphocytes. In addition, we demonstrate that IL-15 induces CC chemokine receptors, but not CXC chemokine receptors, in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, our findings suggest that the proinflammatory effects of IL-15 at least in part may be due to the induction of chemokines and their receptors in T cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that IL-15 promotes entry and replication of macrophage-tropic HIV in T lymphocytes and suggest a plausible mechanism by which IL-15, a cytokine that is elevated in HIV-infected individuals, may promote the transition of HIV displaying the M-tropic phenotype primarily associated with the initial transmission into the T cell-tropic phenotype that predominates as the disease progresses.
白细胞介素-15（IL-15）是一种T细胞生长因子，与白细胞介素-2（IL-2）具有许多生物学活性，并利用IL-2受体复合物相同的β/γ多肽进行信号转导。越来越多的证据表明，这种细胞因子在宿主的炎症反应中起重要作用。与这一作用一致，IL-15已被证明是T淋巴细胞、自然杀伤细胞（NK细胞）和中性粒细胞的趋化因子。扩展这些观察结果，我们现在表明IL-15是T淋巴细胞中CC型、CXC型和C型趋化因子的有效诱导剂。此外，我们证明IL-15以剂量依赖的方式诱导CC趋化因子受体，但不诱导CXC趋化因子受体。因此，我们的研究结果表明，IL-15的促炎作用至少部分可能是由于T细胞中趋化因子及其受体的诱导。此外，我们证明IL-15促进嗜巨噬细胞型HIV在T淋巴细胞中的进入和复制，并提出了一种合理的机制，通过该机制，在HIV感染个体中升高的细胞因子IL-15可能促进HIV从主要与初始传播相关的M嗜性表型转变为疾病进展时占主导地位的T细胞嗜性表型。
