Markides K S, Miller T Q, Ray L A
Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-1153, USA.
Prev Med. 1999 Mar;28(3):251-4. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1998.0411.
The aim of this work was to examine changes in the smoking behavior of elderly Mexican Americans in the southwestern United States from the early 1980s to the early 1990s.
Data from the 1993-1994 Hispanic EPESE study (n = 2,809) on persons ages 65 to 74 and 75 to 84 residing in the five southwestern states were compared with data from the 1982-1984 Hispanic HANES study (n = 753, persons ages 55 to 74), which included a Mexican American sample from the same five southwestern states.
Rates of current smoking in 1993-1994 for persons ages 65 to 74 were approximately half the rates for persons of the same age a decade earlier. Smoking rates for persons ages 75 to 84 in 1993-1994 were significantly lower than rates for persons ages 65 to 74 a decade earlier. Finally, rates for persons ages 65 to 74 in 1993-1994 were significantly lower than those for persons ages 55 to 64 in 1982-1984.
Although some of the declines in smoking in recent years represent aging effects (including declines due to greater mortality among smokers), the much lower rates for same-age people (65 to 74) over the 10-year period are more significant in that they represent cohort differences. It appears that the broader public health message that is causing the general population to quit smoking is reaching the elderly Mexican American population of the Southwest.
本研究旨在调查20世纪80年代初至90年代初居住在美国西南部的墨西哥裔美国老年人吸烟行为的变化。
将1993 - 1994年西班牙裔老年人流行病学研究（n = 2809）中居住在西南部五个州、年龄在65至74岁以及75至84岁人群的数据，与1982 - 1984年西班牙裔健康与营养检查调查（n = 753，年龄在55至74岁）的数据进行比较，后者包含来自相同五个西南部州的墨西哥裔美国人样本。
1993 - 1994年，65至74岁人群的当前吸烟率约为十年前同年龄人群吸烟率的一半。1993 - 1994年，75至84岁人群的吸烟率显著低于十年前65至74岁人群的吸烟率。最后，1993 - 1994年65至74岁人群的吸烟率显著低于1982 - 1984年55至64岁人群的吸烟率。
尽管近年来吸烟率的下降部分归因于年龄增长效应（包括吸烟者中较高的死亡率导致的下降），但在十年期间同年龄人群（65至74岁）吸烟率大幅降低更为显著，因为这代表了队列差异。似乎促使普通人群戒烟的更广泛公共卫生信息正在影响美国西南部的墨西哥裔美国老年人群体。
