Curran T, Schacter D L, Galluccio L
Department of Psychology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7123, USA.
Brain Cogn. 1999 Mar;39(2):133-46. doi: 10.1006/brcg.1998.1063.
Implicit memory is often thought to reflect an influence of past experience on perceptual processes, yet priming effects are found when the perceptual format of stimuli changes between study and test episodes. Such cross-modal priming effects have been hypothesized to depend upon stimulus recoding processes whereby a stimulus presented in one modality is converted to other perceptual formats. The present research examined recoding accounts of cross-modal priming by testing patients with verbal production deficits that presumably impair the conversion of visual words into auditory/phonological forms. The patients showed normal priming in a visual stem completion task following visual study (Experiment 1), but showed impairments following auditory study in both implicit (Experiment 2) and explicit (Experiment 3) stem completion. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that verbal production processes contribute to the recoding of visual stimuli and support cross-modal priming. The results also indicate that shared processes contribute to both explicit memory and cross-modal implicit memory.
内隐记忆通常被认为反映了过去经验对知觉过程的影响，然而，当刺激的知觉形式在学习和测试阶段发生变化时，也会发现启动效应。这种跨模态启动效应被假设依赖于刺激重新编码过程，即一种模态中呈现的刺激被转换为其他知觉形式。本研究通过测试存在言语产出缺陷的患者来检验跨模态启动的重新编码理论，这些缺陷可能会损害视觉单词向听觉/语音形式的转换。患者在视觉学习后的视觉词干补全任务中表现出正常的启动效应（实验1），但在听觉学习后的内隐（实验2）和外显（实验3）词干补全任务中均表现出损伤。结果与言语产出过程有助于视觉刺激的重新编码并支持跨模态启动这一假设相一致。结果还表明，共享过程对外显记忆和跨模态内隐记忆都有作用。
