Rindler V, Lüneberger S, Schwindke P, Heschel I, Rau G
Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Aachen University of Technology, Pauwelsstrasse 20, Aachen, D-52074, Germany.
Cryobiology. 1999 Feb;38(1):2-15. doi: 10.1006/cryo.1998.2143.
The hemolysis of human red blood cells (RBCs) after freeze-drying and resuspension depends on the vacuum-drying temperature. In an experimental study, RBCs were first solidified based on a modified high-yield cryopreservation protocol in the presence of hydroxyethyl starch and maltose. Afterward, they were vacuum-dried in a special low-temperature freeze-drying device at selected shelf temperatures between -5 and -65 degrees C. Subsequently, the dried samples were resuspended in an isotonic, phosphate-buffered saline solution. The hemolysis was determined according to a modified saline stability test. It decreases with a decreasing shelf temperature until a minimum is reached at -35 degrees C. A further decrease of the shelf temperature has no beneficial effect; the hemolysis even increases. To interpret these results, we assume that the hemolysis depends on two contrary damaging effects: (1) the higher the shelf temperature, the higher the probability of structural damages occurring during drying; (2) the lower the shelf temperature, the lower the driving force for water transport; this may lead to an incomplete intracellular dehydration which means that the cells are not in a glassy state at ambient temperature.
冻干并重新悬浮后的人红细胞（RBC）溶血情况取决于真空干燥温度。在一项实验研究中，红细胞首先根据改良的高产冷冻保存方案，在羟乙基淀粉和麦芽糖存在的情况下进行固化。之后，将它们在特殊的低温冷冻干燥设备中于-5至-65摄氏度之间选定的搁板温度下进行真空干燥。随后，将干燥后的样品重新悬浮于等渗磷酸盐缓冲盐溶液中。根据改良的盐水稳定性试验测定溶血情况。溶血情况随搁板温度降低而降低，直至在-35摄氏度时达到最低值。搁板温度进一步降低没有有益效果；溶血情况甚至会增加。为了解释这些结果，我们假定溶血取决于两种相反的破坏作用：（1）搁板温度越高，干燥过程中发生结构破坏的可能性越高；（2）搁板温度越低，水运输的驱动力越低；这可能导致细胞内脱水不完全，这意味着细胞在环境温度下并非处于玻璃态。
