Reynolds M, Brewin C R
Department of Psychology, University of London, Egham, UK.
Behav Res Ther. 1999 Mar;37(3):201-15. doi: 10.1016/s0005-7967(98)00132-6.
This study compared the stressors and consequent intrusive memories reported by matched samples of patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression. Although intrusive memories were slightly more common among PTSD patients, both quantitative and qualitative measures revealed few differences between the groups. PTSD patients were more likely to have experienced personal illness or assault, and depressed patients family deaths and illness, and interpersonal events. Factor analysis of the associated emotions and memory characteristics suggested the existence of specific links between fear and reliving, and helplessness and out-of-body experiences. Possible inhibitory relationships between fear and sadness, and between guilt and anger, were also noted.
本研究比较了创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）患者和重度抑郁症患者匹配样本报告的应激源及随之产生的侵入性记忆。尽管侵入性记忆在PTSD患者中略为常见，但定量和定性测量均显示两组之间差异不大。PTSD患者更有可能经历过个人疾病或攻击，而抑郁症患者更常经历家人死亡、疾病及人际事件。对相关情绪和记忆特征的因子分析表明，恐惧与重现、无助与体外体验之间存在特定联系。还注意到恐惧与悲伤之间以及内疚与愤怒之间可能存在抑制关系。
