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逆转语音相似性效应。

Reversing the phonological similarity effect.

作者信息

Nairne J S, Kelley M R

机构信息

Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1364, USA.

出版信息

Mem Cognit. 1999 Jan;27(1):45-53. doi: 10.3758/bf03201212.

Abstract

The phonological similarity effect--poor retention of order for lists of similar-sounding items--is a benchmark finding in the short-term memory literature. In our first two experiments, we show that the effect actually reverses following relatively brief periods of distraction, yielding better order retention for similar than for dissimilar lists, provided that different items are used on every trial. In Experiment 3, the same items were used on every trial and similar lists produced poorer performance across all three retention intervals. The results are interpreted from a general discrimination framework: Items are viewed as occupying positions in a multidimensional space defined by list and within-list dimensions.

摘要

语音相似性效应——对发音相似项目列表顺序的记忆不佳——是短期记忆文献中的一项基准发现。在我们的前两个实验中,我们表明,在经历相对短暂的干扰期后,这种效应实际上会逆转,即在每次试验中使用不同项目的情况下,相似项目列表的顺序记忆要优于不同项目列表。在实验3中,每次试验都使用相同的项目,并且在所有三个记忆间隔中,相似项目列表的表现都较差。结果是从一个通用的辨别框架来解释的:项目被视为占据由列表维度和列表内维度所定义的多维空间中的位置。

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