Gorelov A I, Tiushin L A, Bogdanova E O, Rosenhaus E V, Shelkoplias E N
Central Research Institute of Roentgeno-Radiology, Ministry of Health of the RF, St. Petersburg.
Vopr Onkol. 1998;44(6):683-5.
The investigation included 421 cases of renal cell carcinoma with metastases of different localization. Tumor advancement was assessed by application of general-view imaging, X-ray, computed and magnetic resonance tomography, ultrasound and osteoscintigraphy. Alterations in the lung were registered in 271 patients (64.4%); metastases into bones--244 (57.9%). Tumor dissemination to retroperitoneal lymph nodes was detected in 166, liver--96 and the brain--6 patients.
该研究纳入了421例伴有不同部位转移的肾细胞癌病例。通过应用全景成像、X线、计算机断层扫描和磁共振断层扫描、超声及骨闪烁显像来评估肿瘤进展情况。271例患者（64.4%）出现肺部改变；244例（57.9%）出现骨转移。166例检测到肿瘤播散至腹膜后淋巴结，96例至肝脏，6例至脑部。
