Taylor W M, Grady A W
Laboratory Animal Facilities, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA.
Lab Anim Sci. 1998 Oct;48(5):448-54.
Development of catheter-tract infections in experimental animals can have devastating consequences on animal health and the functional lifespan of surgical implants. To measure the incidence of catheter-tract infections in animals with exteriorized intravenous catheters in this facility and assess the effects of these infections on mean catheter lifespan, health records of 31 Macaca mulatta with catheters were reviewed. Records spanned the interval of January 1, 1996 through October 1, 1997. Catheter-tract infections in 16 of 53 (30.2%) monkeys with catheters were diagnosed based on a combination of clinical signs of infection and results of bacterial culture. Segmental catheter-tract infections reduced mean catheter lifespan to 147 days, compared with 354 days for uninfected catheters. Exit-wound, local tunnel, and surgical-site infections did not significantly reduce catheter lifespan. Bacterial culture reports documented 31 isolates; 41.9% (13 of 31) were coagulase-negative staphylococci, and 22.6% (7 of 31) were Staphylococcus aureus. Of 20 isolates tested, 15 (75%) were resistant to methicillin/oxacillin in vitro. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible isolates indicated that, compared with methicillin-sensitive isolates, methicillin-resistant isolates had a pattern of multiple antibiotic resistance. Catheter-tract infections were common in this colony of rhesus macaques, and clinically severe infections caused a drastic reduction in catheter lifespan. Approximately half (48%) the bacterial isolates were methicillin-resistant gram-positive bacteria.
实验动物导管相关感染的发生会对动物健康及外科植入物的功能寿命产生毁灭性影响。为测定本机构中外置静脉导管动物的导管相关感染发生率，并评估这些感染对导管平均使用寿命的影响，我们查阅了31只留置导管的食蟹猴的健康记录。记录时间跨度为1996年1月1日至1997年10月1日。根据感染的临床症状和细菌培养结果，在53只留置导管的猴子中，有16只（30.2%）被诊断为导管相关感染。节段性导管相关感染使导管平均使用寿命降至147天，而未感染导管的平均使用寿命为354天。出口处伤口、局部隧道及手术部位感染并未显著缩短导管使用寿命。细菌培养报告记录了31株分离菌；41.9%（31株中的13株）为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌，22.6%（31株中的7株）为金黄色葡萄球菌。在检测的20株分离菌中，有15株（75%）在体外对甲氧西林/苯唑西林耐药。对耐甲氧西林和甲氧西林敏感分离菌的药敏试验表明，与甲氧西林敏感分离菌相比，耐甲氧西林分离菌呈现多重耐药模式。导管相关感染在这群恒河猴中很常见，临床上严重的感染会使导管使用寿命大幅缩短。约一半（48%）的细菌分离株为耐甲氧西林革兰氏阳性菌。
