Gronert G A, Haskins S C, Steffey E P, Fung D
Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
Lab Anim Sci. 1998 Oct;48(5):513-9.
Propofol and pentobarbital were used for deep sedation during prolonged mechanical ventilation (3 weeks) and nutritional supplementation in 17 clinically normal dogs in an intensive care setting. Tolerance developed to both drugs. Propofol, in combination with pentobarbital, at an infusion rate of 75 micrograms/kg of body weight per minute was preferred. Pentobarbital infusion alone, begun at the rate of 5 to 6 mg.kg-1.h-1, was satisfactory. The combination of both drugs provided smooth, stable anesthesia and required minimal interventions by intensive care unit personnel. Blood gas tensions and electrolyte, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and metabolite concentrations were generally stable throughout, unless condition of the dog deteriorated (e.g., infection, pneumothorax). Hematocrit and red blood cell count decreased with time, likely attributable principally to multiple blood sample collections. White blood cell count, alkaline phosphatase, phosphate, fibrinogen, cholesterol, and triglyceride values increased with time, in association with pentobarbital and the combination of pentobarbital and propofol. Some of these changes appear to have been related to generic responses to stress and inflammation, some to altered metabolism, and some to the lipid solvent of propofol. The increase in triglyceride concentration was greater when propofol was used. Mortality was 47%, with death occurring between days 2 and 18.
在重症监护环境下，对17只临床健康的犬进行为期3周的长时间机械通气和营养补充时，使用丙泊酚和戊巴比妥进行深度镇静。两种药物均产生了耐受性。丙泊酚与戊巴比妥联合使用，以每分钟75微克/千克体重的输注速率为佳。单独输注戊巴比妥，起始速率为5至6毫克·千克⁻¹·小时⁻¹，效果令人满意。两种药物联合使用可提供平稳、稳定的麻醉效果，且重症监护病房人员只需进行最少的干预。除非犬的病情恶化（如感染、气胸），血气张力、电解质、甲状旁腺激素（PTH）和代谢物浓度在整个过程中通常保持稳定。血细胞比容和红细胞计数随时间下降，可能主要归因于多次采集血样。白细胞计数、碱性磷酸酶、磷酸盐、纤维蛋白原、胆固醇和甘油三酯值随时间升高，与戊巴比妥以及戊巴比妥和丙泊酚的联合使用有关。其中一些变化似乎与对压力和炎症的一般反应有关，一些与代谢改变有关，还有一些与丙泊酚的脂质溶剂有关。使用丙泊酚时甘油三酯浓度的升高更为明显。死亡率为47%，死亡发生在第2天至第18天之间。
