Burnashev N
Max-Planck-Institut für medizinische Forschung, Heidelberg, Germany.
Cell Calcium. 1998 Nov-Dec;24(5-6):325-32. doi: 10.1016/s0143-4160(98)90056-2.
Ligand-gated channels activated by excitatory neurotransmitters: glutamate, acetylcholine, ATP or serotonin are cation channels permeable to Ca2+. Molecular cloning revealed a large variety of the ligand-gated channel subunits differentially expressed in mammalian brain. Many of them have different Ca2+ permeability providing immense diversity in Ca2+ entry mediated by ligand-gated channels during synaptic transmission. Functional analysis of cloned channels allowed to identify structural elements in the pore forming regions determining Ca2+ permeability for many types of ligand-gated channels. The functional role of the Ca2+ entry mediated by various ligand-gated channels in mammalian central nervous system is less understood. The studies reviewed in this article provide information about known structural determinants of Ca2+ permeability of the ligand-gated channels and the role of this particular pathway of Ca2+ entry in cell function.
谷氨酸、乙酰胆碱、ATP或5-羟色胺是对Ca2+通透的阳离子通道。分子克隆揭示了在哺乳动物大脑中差异表达的多种配体门控通道亚基。其中许多具有不同的Ca2+通透性，在突触传递过程中由配体门控通道介导的Ca2+内流提供了巨大的多样性。对克隆通道的功能分析使得能够确定许多类型配体门控通道的孔形成区域中决定Ca2+通透性的结构元件。由各种配体门控通道介导的Ca2+内流在哺乳动物中枢神经系统中的功能作用尚不太清楚。本文综述的研究提供了有关配体门控通道Ca2+通透性的已知结构决定因素以及这种特定Ca2+内流途径在细胞功能中的作用的信息。
