Verkhratsky A J, Petersen O H
Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
Cell Calcium. 1998 Nov-Dec;24(5-6):333-43. doi: 10.1016/s0143-4160(98)90057-4.
Neuronal calcium stores associated with specialized intracellular organelles, such as endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, dynamically participate in generation of cytoplasmic calcium signals which accompany neuronal activity. They fulfil a dual role in neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis being involved in both buffering the excess of Ca2+ entering the cytoplasm through plasmalemmal channels and providing an intracellular source for Ca2+. Increase of Ca2+ content within the stores regulates the availability and magnitude of intracellular calcium release, thereby providing a mechanism which couples the neuronal activity with functional state of intracellular Ca2+ stores. Apart of 'classical' calcium stores (endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria) other organelles (e.g. nuclear envelope and neurotransmitter vesicles) may potentially act as a functional Ca2+ storage compartments. Calcium ions released from internal stores participate in many neuronal functions, and might be primarily involved in regulation of various aspects of neuronal plasticity.
与内质网和线粒体等特殊细胞内细胞器相关的神经元钙库，动态参与伴随神经元活动的细胞质钙信号的产生。它们在神经元钙稳态中发挥双重作用，既参与缓冲通过质膜通道进入细胞质的过量钙离子，又为钙离子提供细胞内来源。钙库内钙离子含量的增加调节细胞内钙释放的可用性和幅度，从而提供一种将神经元活动与细胞内钙库功能状态相耦合的机制。除了“经典”的钙库（内质网和线粒体），其他细胞器（如核膜和神经递质囊泡）也可能潜在地作为功能性钙离子储存隔室。从内部储存释放的钙离子参与许多神经元功能，并且可能主要参与神经元可塑性各个方面的调节。
