Garrett L C, Conway G A
Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Anchorage, Alaska, USA.
Int J Circumpolar Health. 1998;57 Suppl 1:527-31.
Moose have successfully adapted to urban sprawl in Anchorage, Alaska, using greenbelt areas for shelter, forage, and protection. However, the proximity of moose to people poses unique hazards: a collision with a moose may cause significant injury and vehicle damage.
Moose-vehicle collisions were identified using Municipality of Anchorage records. Completeness of reporting was assessed from Alaska Department of Fish and Game records.
The moose-vehicle collision rate increased significantly from 38 to 49.2/100,000/yr during the study period (p = .005, x2 = 7.795). Of 519 reported moose-auto collisions, 120 (23%) resulted in injury to 158 people, with no human fatalities. Most collisions (291 or 56%) occurred between 1800 and 0200 hours; 411 (79%) occurred after dark; 154 (30%) occurred during December and January; and slick road conditions were identified in 280 (54%) incidents. Incidents occurred primarily near greenbelt areas.
Moose-vehicle collisions often occur at night, on unlighted, slick road surfaces. Moose-vehicle collisions may be prevented by: reducing speed limits around green-belt areas, brighter vehicle headlights, placement of street lights in known moose areas, underpasses for wildlife at known crossings, and snow removal to reduce berm height in known moose areas.
驼鹿已成功适应阿拉斯加安克雷奇市的城市扩张，利用绿化带区域作为庇护所、觅食地和保护场所。然而，驼鹿与人类的近距离接触带来了独特的危害：与驼鹿碰撞可能会导致严重伤害和车辆损坏。
利用安克雷奇市的记录来识别驼鹿与车辆的碰撞事件。从阿拉斯加鱼类和野生动物部的记录中评估报告的完整性。
在研究期间，驼鹿与车辆的碰撞率从每年38起显著增加到49.2起/100,000（p = 0.005，x² = 7.795）。在519起报告的驼鹿与汽车碰撞事件中，120起（23%）导致158人受伤，无人员死亡。大多数碰撞（291起或56%）发生在18:00至02:00之间；411起（79%）发生在天黑后；154起（30%）发生在12月和1月；280起（54%）事件中发现道路湿滑。事件主要发生在绿化带区域附近。
驼鹿与车辆的碰撞通常发生在夜间，在没有照明、路面湿滑的情况下。可以通过以下措施预防驼鹿与车辆的碰撞：降低绿化带区域周围的限速、使用更亮的车辆前照灯、在已知有驼鹿的区域安装路灯、在已知的交叉路口为野生动物设置地下通道，以及除雪以降低已知有驼鹿区域的护堤高度。
