Peter D J, Dougherty J M
Northeastern Ohio University College of Medicine, USA.
Emerg Med Clin North Am. 1999 Feb;17(1):239-61, x. doi: 10.1016/s0733-8627(05)70055-9.
Gastrointestinal bleeding is a common and potentially life-threatening problem. The incidence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is 40 to 150 episodes per 100,000 population per year. Mortality in large series is 6% to 10% for UGIB and has remained unchanged over the past 30 to 60 years. The incidence of hospitalization for acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding is about 20 to 27 episodes per 100,000 population per year, with a 200-fold increase with advancing age from the third to ninth decades. The mortality rate is 4% to 10% or higher. The evaluation of overt or acute gastrointestinal bleeding in the ED is reviewed here from the perspective of evidence-based medicine.
胃肠道出血是一个常见且可能危及生命的问题。上消化道出血（UGIB）的发病率为每年每10万人中有40至150例。在大量病例中，UGIB的死亡率为6%至10%，在过去30至60年中一直保持不变。急性下消化道出血的住院发病率约为每年每10万人中有20至27例，从第三个十年到第九个十年，随着年龄增长发病率增加200倍。死亡率为4%至10%或更高。本文从循证医学的角度对上消化道或急性胃肠道出血在急诊科的评估进行综述。
