Facsimile (fax) technology.

Fax technology is the transmission of text and graphic data between two locations via telephone lines. The advantages of this technology include the speed with which a document can be sent anywhere in the world and the decreased cost versus traditional courier and Telex services. Several different types of machines exist, but standard operating parameters are set by the Consultative Committee for International Telephone and Telegraph (CCITT). There are four categories of machines, called Groups, which aid in classifying the various fax units. Group 3 machines are the most common comprising about 75% of the market. Standard features vary between and within groups, depending on the manufacturer and model. Features such as polling, document broadcasting, security levels, and computer linkage are discussed. The healthcare industry has been slow to adopt fax technology. Applications in hospital pharmacy are the main focus of attention of some hospital administrators and directors of pharmacy. A few studies have shown decreased medication order turnaround time after implementation of a fax-based pharmacy order system. However, problems such as order clarity and legibility, elevated nursing expectations and increased use of paper can decrease its usefulness. Overall, facsimile technology will find a place in the healthcare arena and may become an integral part of the modern pharmacy department.