Frankish C J
Institute of Health Promotion Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Death Stud. 1994 Jul-Aug;18(4):327-39. doi: 10.1080/07481189408252681.
Suicide is a major health problem. In the industrialized nations, it remains among the 10 leading causes of death. There has been a massive effort to reduce suicide mortality through establishment of prevention centers. These centers have proliferated despite a lack of evidence concerning their efficacy. The development and evaluation of suicide prevention centers, primarily community-based, telephone interventions, are discussed. The evidence regarding the effectiveness of suicide prevention centers and the presence of a causal relationship between exposure to crisis counseling and a reduction in suicide rates is reviewed. Some cautions and recommendations are made. Finally, a model of health promotion program planning and evaluation is examined in the context of suicide prevention.
自杀是一个重大的健康问题。在工业化国家，它仍然是十大主要死因之一。人们已经做出了巨大努力，通过建立预防中心来降低自杀死亡率。尽管缺乏关于其有效性的证据，但这些中心仍在不断增加。本文讨论了自杀预防中心的发展与评估，主要是基于社区的电话干预措施。回顾了有关自杀预防中心有效性的证据，以及接触危机咨询与自杀率降低之间是否存在因果关系。文中提出了一些注意事项和建议。最后，在自杀预防的背景下审视了一个健康促进项目规划与评估的模型。
