Miners I A, Nykodym N, Simonetti J, Nielson W R
Anderson Schools of Management, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131, USA.
Health Mark Q. 1995;12(4):113-29. doi: 10.1300/J026v12n04_10.
To assess changes in occupational preferences of health-care workers in response to the AIDS epidemic, attitudes for nine issues concerning AIDS in the workplace were gathered in 1990 and 1992. AIDS-aversive patterns strengthened for both health-care and non-health-care workers over time as AIDS incidence rose. Compared to non-health-care workers, significantly more health-care workers showed greater concern over job related AIDS exposure, and over time they also reported more approval of testing and status disclosure for AIDS. Despite these concerns, significantly more health-care workers than non-health-care workers were willing to work with an AIDS-infected coworker or boss, and significantly fewer health-care workers than non-health-care workers believed they had a right to refuse work with an AIDS-infected coworker. Training had little effect on AIDS-aversive preferences among health-care workers. But significantly more non-health-care workers with AIDS-related "protective" training reported a self-protective rejection of AIDS-infected coworkers. Implications for health-care management are explored.
为评估医护人员职业偏好因艾滋病流行而发生的变化，1990年和1992年收集了关于工作场所中九个与艾滋病相关问题的态度。随着艾滋病发病率上升，医护人员和非医护人员对艾滋病的厌恶模式都随着时间的推移而强化。与非医护人员相比，显著更多的医护人员对与工作相关的艾滋病暴露表现出更大担忧，并且随着时间的推移，他们也报告对艾滋病检测和状况披露的认可度更高。尽管存在这些担忧，但愿意与感染艾滋病的同事或老板共事的医护人员仍显著多于非医护人员，并且认为自己有权拒绝与感染艾滋病的同事共事的医护人员也明显少于非医护人员。培训对医护人员的艾滋病厌恶偏好影响甚微。但接受过艾滋病相关“防护”培训的非医护人员中，报告因自我保护而拒绝与感染艾滋病同事共事的人数显著更多。本文探讨了对医疗保健管理的启示。
