Korth M, Koca M
University of Erlangen-Nürnberg.
Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 1993 Apr;4(2):22-8.
This review reports findings of the recent literature about electrophysiologic techniques that are used in glaucoma diagnosis and research. Included in this review are results obtained by recording electrical responses from the eye (electroretinograms) and from the brain (visual evoked potentials). Studies concerned the electroretinogram evoked by patterned stimuli that originates in the proximal retina and with flash-evoked responses that originate from the proximal retina, such as oscillatory potentials and scotopic threshold responses, from middle layers of the retina (B wave), and from the outer retina (A waves and C waves). Regarding the pattern electroretinogram, the authors agree on its usefulness in the diagnosis of glaucoma. However, the optimal stimulus conditions (temporal and spatial frequency, retinal location, contrast, and color), which component of the response to evaluate, and the value of the pattern electroretinogram in follow-up treatment are debatable. Flash-evoked components of the electroretinogram that have been considered in the past to be of low value in diagnosis of glaucoma now seem to be more important. New developments in visual evoked potentials techniques, such as photostress methods, contrast sensitivity measurements, ramp stimulation, and selective adaptation for isolating blue-cone activity seem to be promising in further increasing the diagnostic value of visual evoked potential measurements.
本综述报告了近期有关用于青光眼诊断和研究的电生理技术的文献研究结果。本综述涵盖了通过记录来自眼睛的电反应（视网膜电图）和来自大脑的电反应（视觉诱发电位）所获得的结果。研究涉及由起源于视网膜近端的图案刺激诱发的视网膜电图，以及起源于视网膜近端的闪光诱发反应，如振荡电位和暗视阈值反应，来自视网膜中层的反应（B波），以及来自视网膜外层的反应（A波和C波）。关于图形视网膜电图，作者们一致认为其在青光眼诊断中有用。然而，最佳刺激条件（时间和空间频率、视网膜位置、对比度和颜色）、评估反应的哪个成分以及图形视网膜电图在后续治疗中的价值仍存在争议。过去认为在青光眼诊断中价值不大的视网膜电图闪光诱发成分现在似乎更为重要。视觉诱发电位技术的新进展，如光应激方法、对比敏感度测量、斜坡刺激以及用于分离蓝锥细胞活动的选择性适应，似乎在进一步提高视觉诱发电位测量的诊断价值方面很有前景。
