Graamans K, De Vries J
Acta Otorhinolaryngol Belg. 1976;30(3):260-8.
Clinical examination was performed on 10 patients with recently treated choanal atresia, 8 unilateral and 2 bilateral cases. All patients showed an asymmetrical facial skeleton, which could be classified as hemifacial microsomia, although sometimes in a rather subclinical form. In all unilateral cases of choanal atresia hypoplasia of the facial skeleton was manifest on the affected side. These cases did not reveal that choanal atresia can occur without any abnormality in the facial skeleton. Hemifacial microsomia is not only a clinical entity, but also has a distinct pathogenesis. In early embryonic development a trauma occurs in the first or second branchial arch, which causes focal mesenchymal destruction, and this is thought to present the pathogenesis of hemifacial microsomia. Choanal atresia did not always occur with associated orthodontic abnormalities. Clinical examination, however, revealed transversal maxillar compression at the affected side in three out of eight unilateral cases.
对10例近期接受治疗的后鼻孔闭锁患者进行了临床检查，其中8例为单侧闭锁，2例为双侧闭锁。所有患者均表现出面部骨骼不对称，可归类为半侧颜面发育不全，尽管有时表现为相当隐匿的形式。在所有单侧后鼻孔闭锁病例中，面部骨骼发育不全在患侧表现明显。这些病例并未显示后鼻孔闭锁可在面部骨骼无任何异常的情况下发生。半侧颜面发育不全不仅是一种临床病症，而且具有独特的发病机制。在胚胎发育早期，第一或第二鳃弓发生创伤，导致局部间充质破坏，这被认为是半侧颜面发育不全的发病机制。后鼻孔闭锁并非总是伴有相关的正畸异常。然而，临床检查发现，8例单侧病例中有3例在患侧出现横向上颌骨受压。
