Howard M O, McGuffin R W, Saxon A J, Sloan K L, Walker R D
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
Pharmacoeconomics. 1996 Feb;9(2):134-45. doi: 10.2165/00019053-199609020-00005.
Alcohol (ethanol) use disorders are prevalent in many countries and are associated with significant social and health costs. Little is known, however, about the comparative cost effectiveness of treatments for alcoholism. Pharmacoeconomic evaluations are largely (if not wholly) absent from the alcoholism treatment outcome database. We discuss pharmacological approaches to the treatment of alcohol withdrawal and dependence, describing agents that ameliorate withdrawal symptoms, deter alcohol consumption, reduce alcohol craving and produce conditioned alcohol aversion. Cost-relevant clinical considerations are elucidated and recommendations for cost-conscious pharmacological treatment of alcohol dependence are proffered.
酒精（乙醇）使用障碍在许多国家普遍存在，并伴随着巨大的社会和健康成本。然而，对于酒精成瘾治疗的相对成本效益却知之甚少。酒精成瘾治疗结果数据库中基本（即便不是完全）没有药物经济学评估。我们讨论了酒精戒断和依赖治疗的药理学方法，描述了可改善戒断症状、抑制酒精消费、减少对酒精的渴望并产生条件性酒精厌恶的药物。阐明了与成本相关的临床考量，并提出了对酒精依赖进行注重成本的药物治疗的建议。
