Skinner C S, Zerr A D, Damson R L
Division of Research, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63101, USA.
Health Educ Res. 1995 Jun;10(2):179-89. doi: 10.1093/her/10.2.179.
Mammography screening is underutilized, especially among women of lower socioeconomic status (SES). Mobile mammography units reduce cost and patient burden of mammography, and therefore might enhance screening rates among underserved populations. Few studies have explored factors associated with the acceptability of mobile mammography; none have targeted low-SES women. To explore these issues, we conducted focus group interviews in five university-affiliated urban primary-care clinics. The forty-three participants were 74% African-American, ranged in age from 40 to 70 years and most (67%) had household incomes below $15,000. A trained moderator led the groups of eight to 12 women through standardized, open-end interview questions exploring perceptions of mobile mammography. Findings suggest mammography vans are acceptable under only certain circumstances, including advance notice and assurance of privacy and quality. Convenience was important; 53% related being more likely to have mammograms if scheduled in conjunction with primary-care visits. Participants felt strongly that vans were inappropriate for public forums such as shopping centers. Association with primary-care health centers seemed to legitimize mammography vans and to allay concerns. If mammography screening is to become more widespread among low-income populations, these exploratory findings must be addressed in research and intervention development.
乳腺钼靶筛查的利用率较低，在社会经济地位较低（SES）的女性中尤为如此。流动乳腺钼靶检查车降低了乳腺钼靶检查的成本和患者负担，因此可能会提高服务不足人群的筛查率。很少有研究探讨与流动乳腺钼靶检查可接受性相关的因素；没有一项研究针对低收入女性。为了探讨这些问题，我们在五家大学附属的城市初级保健诊所进行了焦点小组访谈。43名参与者中74%是非裔美国人，年龄在40岁至70岁之间，大多数（67%）家庭收入低于15000美元。一名训练有素的主持人带领由8至12名女性组成的小组，通过标准化的开放式访谈问题，探讨对流动乳腺钼靶检查的看法。研究结果表明，只有在某些情况下，乳腺钼靶检查车才是可接受的，包括提前通知以及隐私和质量保证。便利性很重要；53%的人表示，如果与初级保健就诊同时安排，更有可能进行乳腺钼靶检查。参与者强烈认为，检查车不适合在购物中心等公共场所使用。与初级保健健康中心的联系似乎使乳腺钼靶检查车合法化，并减轻了人们的担忧。如果要使乳腺钼靶筛查在低收入人群中更广泛地开展，这些探索性研究结果必须在研究和干预措施制定中得到解决。
