Blide L A
Health Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.
Top Health Inf Manage. 1994 Nov;15(2):80-8.
The characteristics of health data are diverse and vary by discipline. Health data can be viewed from three perspectives. They can be examined at a basic level of different variable types and database constructions. At an intermediate level, the way data are structured in a facility is a model of how an organization works. A computerized information system is a model of how work is performed. An understanding of facility data architecture and data structure is essential for adapting both manual and computerized systems to the rapid changes occurring in health care today. Lastly from the highest-level perspective, for communication and exchange of health data to be possible across all components of the health care delivery system, standards for data must be adopted by all institutions and individuals involved in the development of health data information systems. To expedite such exchange, the American Medical Informatics Association (AMIA) has recommended standards for patient, provider, and site-of-care identifiers; computerized message exchanges; and medical record content and structure. AMIA has also recommended the use of the universal medical language system as the basis for future developments in a universal medical language.
健康数据的特征多种多样，且因学科而异。健康数据可以从三个角度来看待。可以在不同变量类型和数据库结构的基础层面进行审视。在中间层面，数据在机构中的组织方式是组织运作方式的一种模式。计算机化信息系统是工作执行方式的一种模式。理解机构数据架构和数据结构对于使手动系统和计算机化系统适应当今医疗保健领域发生的快速变化至关重要。最后，从最高层面来看，为了在医疗保健提供系统的所有组成部分之间实现健康数据的通信和交换，所有参与健康数据信息系统开发的机构和个人都必须采用数据标准。为了加快这种交换，美国医学信息学协会（AMIA）已经推荐了关于患者、提供者和医疗服务地点标识符、计算机化消息交换以及病历内容和结构的标准。AMIA还建议将通用医学语言系统用作通用医学语言未来发展的基础。
