Cheek F E, Holstein C M, Fullam F A, Arana G, Tomarchio T P, Mandell S
Int J Addict. 1976;11(5):695-708. doi: 10.3109/10826087609058806.
The life-styles of addicts who are Successful, Marginally Successful, and Failures in a methadone maintenance program are examined by in-depth interviews in five time periods-early family life, the preheroin period, late heroin, premethadone, and methadone maintenance. The hypothesis is confirmed that the more the methadone patient has managed to develop a new and more conventional set of peer group, familial, and occupational roles, the greater the likelihood of his success on methadone maintenance. The in-depth view of the groups over time suggests that the pattern of alternation of positive reinforcements and punishing situations may be associated with outcome.
通过在五个时间段（早期家庭生活、海洛因使用前阶段、晚期海洛因使用阶段、美沙酮维持治疗前阶段以及美沙酮维持治疗阶段）进行深度访谈，研究了在美沙酮维持治疗项目中成功、勉强成功和失败的成瘾者的生活方式。研究假设得到证实：美沙酮维持治疗患者越成功地建立起一套新的、更传统的同伴群体、家庭和职业角色，其在美沙酮维持治疗中取得成功的可能性就越大。随着时间推移对这些群体的深入观察表明，积极强化和惩罚情境的交替模式可能与治疗结果相关。
