Iaina A, Solomon S, Serban I, Eliahou H E
Isr J Med Sci. 1976 Dec;12(12):1457-61.
The effect of saline loading was compared in two types of experimental acute renal failure--due to i.m. administration of glycerol or to anoxia. In the glycerol model, chronic saline loading for about three weeks prior to the experiment achieved almost complete prevention of the uremia. The blood urea and serum creatinine levels 24 h after the experiment were 44 +/- 2 and 1.3 +/- 0.3 se) mg/dl, respectively. The values for the water-drinking rats were 292 +/- 23 and 3.7 +/- 0.4 mg/dl, respectively. In the anoxic model of acute renal failure, produced by uninephrectomy and contralateral renal artery clamping, chronic saline loading reduced the severity of the resultant uremia, although less impressively than in the glycerol model. The blood urea and serum creatinine 24 h after the experiment were 148 +/- 15 and 1.8 +/- 0.2 mg/dl, respectively. The values for the water-drinking rats were 237 +/- 15 and 2.3 +/- 0.2 mg/dl, respectively. Plasma renin activity was similar in the saline-loaded rats in both the toxic and anoxic models. It seems, therefore, that all known models of acute renal failure have at least a common pathogenic mechanism, which can be influenced by chronic saline loading prior to onset of the disease, and which is most probably not renin dependent. In the anoxic model additional factors, which cannot be counteracted by chronic saline loading, are active in the development of uremia.
在两种实验性急性肾衰竭模型中比较了盐水负荷的作用，这两种模型分别是由肌肉注射甘油或缺氧导致的。在甘油模型中，实验前约三周进行慢性盐水负荷几乎完全预防了尿毒症。实验后24小时血尿素和血清肌酐水平分别为44±2和1.3±0.3（se）mg/dl。饮水大鼠的相应值分别为292±23和3.7±0.4mg/dl。在由单侧肾切除和对侧肾动脉夹闭产生的急性肾衰竭缺氧模型中，慢性盐水负荷减轻了由此导致的尿毒症的严重程度，尽管不如甘油模型明显。实验后24小时血尿素和血清肌酐分别为148±15和1.8±0.2mg/dl。饮水大鼠的相应值分别为237±15和2.3±0.2mg/dl。在中毒和缺氧模型中，盐水负荷大鼠的血浆肾素活性相似。因此，似乎所有已知的急性肾衰竭模型至少有一个共同的致病机制，在疾病发作前可受慢性盐水负荷影响，且很可能不依赖肾素。在缺氧模型中，慢性盐水负荷无法抵消的其他因素在尿毒症的发展中起作用。
