Sabirovic M, O'Neil B D
Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Regulatory Authority, Wellington, New Zealand.
Rev Sci Tech. 1999 Apr;18(1):38-46. doi: 10.20506/rst.18.1.1144.
Most countries in Oceania have adequate quarantine legislation, systems and staff to prevent the introduction of new animal diseases. Surveillance and preparedness for dealing with incursions of such diseases are less developed, except in those countries with larger livestock populations. The degree of preparedness for animal health emergencies in the different countries of the region reflects the relative economic importance of exotic diseases to each particular country. For those countries with significant populations of farm animals, appreciable efforts and money are expended. However, in the smaller island countries, it can be assumed that the likelihood of an exotic disease incursion is low and the impact on the economy would be comparatively small. For these reasons, it would be unreasonable to expect these countries to commit significant resources to develop programmes equivalent to those in New Zealand and Australia, for example. Nevertheless, there is a need for increased co-operation between countries in the region. An assessment of each country to determine what resources are available and how they may be used in various aspects of an animal disease emergency, including co-ordinated information sharing, would enable smaller island countries to be fully prepared in the case of an emergency.
大洋洲的大多数国家都有完善的检疫立法、制度和工作人员，以防止新的动物疾病传入。除了那些牲畜数量较多的国家外，应对此类疾病入侵的监测和防范工作发展较为滞后。该地区不同国家在动物卫生突发事件方面的防范程度反映了外来疾病对每个特定国家的相对经济重要性。对于那些养殖动物数量众多的国家，会投入大量的精力和资金。然而，在较小的岛国，可以假定外来疾病入侵的可能性较低，对经济的影响相对较小。出于这些原因，期望这些国家投入大量资源来制定与新西兰和澳大利亚等国相当的计划是不合理的。尽管如此，该地区国家之间仍需要加强合作。对每个国家进行评估，以确定可利用的资源以及如何将其用于动物疾病突发事件的各个方面，包括协调信息共享，这将使较小的岛国在紧急情况下能够充分做好准备。
