Birnkrant D J, Pope J F, Eiben R M
Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA.
J Child Neurol. 1999 Mar;14(3):139-43. doi: 10.1177/088307389901400301.
Pediatric neuromuscular diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy and spinal muscular atrophy cause pulmonary compromise. In severely affected patients, upper respiratory tract infections exacerbate lower respiratory tract secretion retention, with the potential for pneumonia, pulmonary atelectasis, and respiratory failure. In the pediatric intensive care unit, effective treatment includes noninvasive positive pressure ventilation and manual and mechanical mucus clearance techniques. A practical approach to commonly encountered respiratory complications in pediatric neuromuscular diseases is presented in this review.
诸如杜氏肌营养不良症和脊髓性肌萎缩症等小儿神经肌肉疾病会导致肺部功能受损。在病情严重的患者中，上呼吸道感染会加剧下呼吸道分泌物潴留，有可能引发肺炎、肺不张和呼吸衰竭。在儿科重症监护病房，有效的治疗方法包括无创正压通气以及手动和机械性排痰技术。本文综述了针对小儿神经肌肉疾病中常见呼吸道并发症的实用处理方法。
