Mandell V S
Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Albany Medical College, New York, USA.
Radiol Clin North Am. 1999 Mar;37(2):439-61, vii. doi: 10.1016/s0033-8389(05)70103-2.
Interventional techniques available for use in treating congenital heart disease include balloon dilation of valves and vessels, stent placement and coil embolization of collaterals, patent ducts and other arterial fistulae. In addition, a variety of devices for closure of atrial and ventricular septal defects and patent ducts currently are under investigation. Radiofrequency ablation of arrhythmias also is applicable to the pediatric population.