Hellerstedt W L, Olson S M, Oswald J W, Pirie P L
Maternal and Child Health Program, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55454-1015, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 1999 Apr;16(3 Suppl):50-7. doi: 10.1016/s0749-3797(98)00144-5.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of enrollment in a community-based public health nursing program, Communities Caring for Children (CCC), on infant immunization rates in rural Minnesota. The program involved health education, a registry, and a reminder system.
The evaluation was a collaborative effort of university, public health agency, and private managed-care personnel. Two data sources were used to assess the association of program enrollment and immunization compliance; public birth certificates and a telephone survey of 421 CCC enrollees and non-enrollees.
Birth certificate and survey data showed that CCC enrollees were significantly younger, less educated, more likely to be white, and of lower parity than non-enrollees. The average age of subjects' infants was eight months. The survey data showed that, overall, CCC enrollees perceived less danger in infant immunizations than did non-enrollees and were more likely than non-enrollees to have access to infant immunization reminder cards. CCC enrollees reported significantly higher immunization compliance for their infants than did non-enrollees.
The area served by this program is relatively low-income and rural. Infant immunization status was among the lowest in Minnesota prior to the implementation of CCC. The evaluation suggested that enrollment in CCC was one of the most powerful predictors of infant immunization compliance.
本研究旨在评估参与一项基于社区的公共卫生护理项目“关爱儿童社区”（CCC）对明尼苏达州农村地区婴儿免疫接种率的影响。该项目包括健康教育、登记系统和提醒系统。
此次评估是大学、公共卫生机构和私人管理式医疗人员共同开展的工作。使用了两个数据源来评估项目参与情况与免疫接种依从性之间的关联；公共出生证明以及对421名CCC参与者和非参与者的电话调查。
出生证明和调查数据显示，与非参与者相比，CCC参与者年龄更小、受教育程度更低、更可能是白人且生育次数更少。研究对象的婴儿平均年龄为8个月。调查数据显示，总体而言，CCC参与者比非参与者认为婴儿免疫接种的危险性更低，且比非参与者更有可能获得婴儿免疫接种提醒卡。CCC参与者报告其婴儿的免疫接种依从性显著高于非参与者。
该项目服务的地区相对低收入且为农村地区。在CCC项目实施之前，该地区的婴儿免疫接种率在明尼苏达州处于最低水平。评估表明，参与CCC项目是婴儿免疫接种依从性最有力的预测因素之一。
